Model-based Learning

What kind of models were mentioned and what are their roles in learning?

When considering learning, there are many different types of models.  First, there are the mental models.  Mental models are internal representations that are largely based on prior knowledge; these models influence how we understand and interpret certain phenomena.  Another type of model is the learners’ mental model.  This model begins with students’ prior knowledge; then, as they learn a new concept, this model is either challenged or reinforced.  If challenged, a learner will develop a new mental model which more closely aligns with scientist’s models.  One final type of model is the hypermodel.  As opposed to mental models, hypermodels are external representations that describe a scientific phenomenon; most often, these models are “computer models embedded in interactive curricula.”  Ultimately, it is this system of models and their interactions which are involved in the process of learning.